Tevet is the fourth month of the Jewish civil
year, tenth of the religious year. Its zodiac
sign is Capricorn (in Hebrew, Gedi, meaning goat). The word Tevet
is of Akkadian/Babylonian origin, and the month always has 29 days. Tevet
is mentioned by name in the Bible only in the Book of Esther (2:16), although
there are references elsewhere in the Bible to the "fourth month."
The new moon of Tevet occurs during Hanukkah. The
tenth of Tevet (Asarah b'Tevet) is a fast day in commemoration
of the commencement of the siege of Jerusalem by Nebuhadnezzar (II Kings
25:1). The Israel chief rabbinate has named 10 Tevet as General Qaddish
day (Yom ha-Qaddish ha-Kelali) in memory of the millions of Jewish
victims of the Holocaust whose exact date of death is unknown.
In ancient times, a fast day was observed on the 8th of Tevet to mark
the completion of the translation of the Bible into Greek (see Francine
Klagsbrun's article on Septuagint). According to tradition, the 9th
of Tevet marks the anniversary of the death of Ezra (5th cent. BCE priest
and scribe, who was primarily responsible for laying the spiritual foundations
of the new Judean commonwealth after the Babylonian exile), and the 20th
of Tevet marks the anniversary of the death of Maimonides (also known
as Rambam; 12th century physician, philosopher, and codifier; born in
Spain, but spent most of his life in Egypt).
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